Washington State packs an extraordinary range of landscapes into its backcountry — temperate rainforests, volcanic peaks, alpine lakes, and rugged ocean coastline. Here are the routes that define Pacific Northwest backpacking.
The Enchantments — Alpine Lakes Wilderness
The Enchantments are Washington's crown jewel of alpine scenery. Granite spires rise above brilliant blue lakes, and in fall, golden larches paint the landscape. The core zone sits between 7,000 and 8,000 feet.
Key Details:
- Distance: 18 miles (thru-hike) or various out-and-back options
- Elevation Gain: ~4,500 ft (thru-hike)
- Best Season: July through October
- Permit: Lottery permit required (apply in February/March at recreation.gov)
The permit lottery is notoriously competitive, but the experience is worth the effort. If you don't win the lottery, check for cancellations or consider day-hiking from the Snow Lakes trailhead.
Wonderland Trail — Mt. Rainier National Park
The Wonderland Trail circumnavigates Mt. Rainier in a 93-mile loop, passing through wildflower meadows, old-growth forest, and glacier-fed river valleys. Most hikers take 7-10 days.
Key Details:
- Distance: 93 miles
- Elevation Gain: ~22,000 ft cumulative
- Best Season: Late July through September
- Permit: Required, advance reservations open March 1
This is a bucket-list trail that demands fitness and preparation. The cumulative elevation gain is significant — the trail repeatedly climbs and descends through deep river valleys.
Olympic Coast — Olympic National Park
Few places in the US offer wilderness backpacking along the ocean. The Olympic Coast trails let you camp on secluded beaches, explore tide pools, and watch for whales and sea otters.
Key Details:
- Distance: 17-23 miles (various segments)
- Elevation Gain: Minimal (sea level)
- Best Season: June through September
- Permit: Required from Olympic National Park
The North Coast route from Shi Shi Beach to Cape Alava is the classic stretch. Timing is everything — you'll need to plan around tides for headland crossings. Check tide tables and carry a current chart.
Ptarmigan Traverse — North Cascades
For experienced mountaineers, the Ptarmigan Traverse is an unforgettable off-trail route through the heart of the North Cascades. This high route crosses glaciers, scrambles over passes, and traverses some of the most remote terrain in Washington.
Key Details:
- Distance: ~35 miles
- Elevation Gain: ~10,000 ft
- Best Season: August through mid-September
- Permit: Required from North Cascades NPS
This is an expert-level route requiring glacier travel skills, route-finding ability, and experience with exposed terrain. Not recommended for beginners.
Loowit Trail — Mt. St. Helens
Circling the volcano that famously erupted in 1980, the Loowit Trail offers a surreal landscape of blast zones, lava fields, and regenerating forest. It's unlike any other backpacking experience in the state.
Key Details:
- Distance: 28 miles
- Elevation Gain: ~6,000 ft
- Best Season: August through October
- Permit: Required ($15/person climbing permit)
The trail traverses the blast zone where you can still see the effects of the eruption. Bring extra water — sources can be scarce on the exposed volcanic terrain.
Washington Backpacking Tips
- Rain gear is essential even in summer — the Pacific Northwest earns its reputation
- Bear canisters are required in many areas, especially Olympic and North Cascades
- Northwest Forest Pass ($30/year) is required for trailhead parking in National Forest areas
- Mosquitoes can be brutal in July at lower elevations — bring a head net and repellent
Start planning your Washington adventure with TrailGrade's trip planner for personalized route recommendations.